软件版本号：pcre8.36 ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.36.tar.gz  keepalived1.2.19http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gznginx1.8.0http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
安装步骤安装pcretar -zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gzcd pcre-8.36./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcremake && make install安装keepalivedtar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.19.tar.gzcd keepalived-1.2.19./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalivedmake && make installcp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/mkdir –pv /etc/keepalivedcp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ln -s /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /sbin/chkconfig keepalived on安装nginxtar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gzcd nginx-1.8.0./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre/make && make install

启动和停止Nginx:启动：进入到安装之后${nginx}的sbin文件夹。运行./nginx停止：./nginx –s stop检查是否成功安装：进入到安装之后${nginx}的sbin文件夹，运行./nginx -t Keepalived启动：service keepalived start停止：service keepalived stop配置配置Keepalived主备keepalived的配置大致同样，不同之处在于state和priority。

例如以下所看到的： ! Configuration File for keepalived #配置报警邮件 global_defs { notification_email { acassen@firewall.loc } notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc smtp_server 192.168.200.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id LVS_DEVEL } #配置keepalived服务器实例 vrrp_instance VI_1 {#VI_1为名称 state MASTER #MASTER为主服务器。BACKUP为备用服务器 interface p2p1 #p2p1为网卡标志 virtual_router_id 51 #51为默认值 priority 100 #主服务器的优先级要大于备服务器 advert_int 1 #1为默认值 authentication {#认证，採用默认值就可以 auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress {#对外提供的虚拟IP，不能与现有IP冲突 200.31.157.243 } }

配置NginxNginx的基本配置例如以下所看到的：#user  nobody; #username称worker_processes  auto; #处理进程个数，一般为自己主动分配error_log   logs/error.log; #错误日志记录位置#error_log  logs/error.log  notice; #notice/info等为记录错误的级别#error_log  logs/error.log  info;pid        logs/nginx.pid; #进程记录文件events {    worker_connections  5120; #可处理的连接数，最大处理能力为processes×connections}http {    include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;#配置日志格式（main为自己定义格式名称）    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';    #access_log  logs/access.log  main; #日志文件位置    keepalive_timeout  65; #连接超时时间    proxy_connect_timeout 10; #后台服务器响应超时时间    #配置反向代理    upstream tomcat{ #tomcat为名称	  server 200.31.157.116:8090 weight=1; #后台服务器的地址以及port号。weight为权重 	  server 200.31.157.117:8090 weight=1;    }        #配置负载均衡，Server为nginx服务器    upstream nginx{       server 200.31.157.116:8084 weight=1;	  server 200.31.157.117:8084 weight=1;}#配置处理请求Server    server{        listen       8084; #监听的port号        server_name  200.31.157.243; #自己定义服务名称，不能与其他Server有冲突        #charset koi8-r;  #定义字符集        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main; #定义日志名称与日志格式(main)        #设定訪问处理规则。假设路径以/cwap开头，则通过下面规则进行处理        location /cwap {	      proxy_pass http://tomcat; #反向代理到tomcat服务器该处的tomcat为upstream名称	      proxy_redirect off;	      proxy_set_header Host $host; #下面是读取訪问IP	      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;	      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;        }        location / {           root   html; #根文件夹           index  index.html index.htm;        }        #error_page  404              /404.html; #配置错误页面        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }    }    server{        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        access_log  logs/access.log  main;        location /cwap {	      proxy_pass http://nginx;	      proxy_redirect off;	      proxy_set_header Host $host;	      proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;	      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;        }        location / {           root   html;           index  index.html index.htm;	      #expires 1d; #页面缓存时间        }        error_page  404              /404.html;        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;        location = /50x.html {            root   html;        }    }}负载均衡nginx 的 upstream眼下支持 4 种方式的分配轮询（默认）每一个请求按时间顺序逐一分配到不同的后端服务器，假设后端服务器down掉。能自己主动剔除。

weight 定轮询几率。weight和訪问比率成正比，用于后端服务器性能不均的情况。 ip_hash 每一个请求按訪问ip的hash结果分配，这样每一个訪客固定訪问一个后端服务器。能够解决session的问题。 fair（第三方） 按后端服务器的响应时间来分配请求。响应时间短的优先分配。

在http中upstream配置中，clouder是起的负载均衡服务器或者反向代理的名称。

upstream clouder { #ip_hash; #least_conn; server 200.31.157.116:8090; server 200.31.157.116:9090 down; #表示当前server临时不參与负载 server 200.31.157.117:8090 weight=2; #默觉得1,weight越大,负载的权重越大 #其他全部非backup机器down或忙时。请求backup机器。所以这台机器压力会最轻 server 200.31.157.117:9090 backup; <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>server 200.31.157.117:8084 fail_timeout=10s; #失败后的暂停时间 <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>#最大失败次数为2，失败后暂停时间为10 server 200.31.157.117:8083 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s; }